Our operations
mill’s oil consumption. The change in Hämeenkyrö power plant’s ownership and an increase in the use of fossil free purchased energy contributed to the decrease of Scope 2 emissions. The emissions of our value chain (Scope 3) accounted for 83% (81) of all our fossil greenhouse gas emissions in 2022. A sizeable portion of the emissions in our value chain is attributable to the production of the raw materials we purchase – including pulp, bind- ing agents, pigments and process chemicals – and the further pro- cessing and transport of the products we sell, and their treatment at the end of their life cycles. To reduce our value chain’s emissions, we commit our suppliers to setting science-based reduction targets for emissions. A recommendation to this effect is included in Metsä Group’s Supplier Code of Conduct, and the matter is discussed at meetings with suppliers. We also favour low-emission modes of transport as much as possible (p. 38). In 2022, Metsä Group and the VR logistics group agreed a new joint target to halve emissions from transport covered by their cooperation by 2030. VR handles Metsä Board’s train transports in Finland.
Greenhouse gas emissions Greenhouse gases most significant for our operations and the environment include the carbon dioxide emissions caused by our own energy generation and production processes (Scope 1), the generation of purchased energy (Scope 2) and the rest of our value chain (Scope 3). In 2022, Metsä Board’s Scope 1 emissions declined slightly from the previous year, despite full ownership of the Hämeenkyrö power plant being transferred to Metsä Board, meaning that the power plant’s emissions are now reported as the Kyro mill’s Scope 1 emis- sions instead of Scope 2 emissions. At the company level, Scope 1 emissions decreased thanks to the Simpele mill using less peat and the Husum mill replacing heavy fuel oil with bio-based fuel. Moreo- ver, Husum’s Scope 1 emissions were higher in 2021 due to the fire that broke out on the pulp mill’s chip conveyor, which increased the
GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS IN 2022 WERE APPROXIMATELY 2.2 MILLION TONNES IN TOTAL
UPSTREAM Indirect emissions
OWN OPERATIONS Direct emissions
DOWNSTREAM Indirect emissions
46%
37%
11%
6%
Upstream – Scope 3 799,895 tonnes
Purchased electricity and heat – Scope 2 market-based 147,061 tonnes
Own processes and power plants – Scope 1 236,037 tonnes
Downstream – Scope 3 1,017,084 tonnes
Purchased goods and services ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 33% Fuel- and energy-related activities ������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 4% Capital goods ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 4% Upstream transportation and distribution ��������������������������������������������������������������� 3% Waste generated in operations ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 0.1%
Processing of sold products ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 19% Downstream transportation and distribution ������������������������������������������������������������ 18% End-of-life treatment of sold products ������������������������������������������������������������������������ 17% Investments ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 2%
GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS (CO 2 ) 2018−2022
2022
2021
2020
2019
2018
Direct fossil-based CO 2 emissions (Scope 1), t 1)
236,037
255,467
240,036
250,259
288,579
Indirect fossil-based CO 2 emissions (Scope 2, market-based), t 2) Indirect fossil-based CO 2 emissions (Scope 2, location-based), t 2)
147,061
184,028
282,236
262,442
275,048
291,482
313,030
383,937
384,781
431,037
Indirect fossil-based CO 2 e emissions (Scope 3), t 3)
1,816,979
1,854,840
1,847,773
1,026,896
1,058,455
Biogenic CO 2 emissions, t
1,950,901
1,712,639
1,812,952
1,815,179
1,837,299
Fossil-based CO 2 emissions (Scope 1 + Scope 2, market-based), kg CO 2 /tonne produced 4)
116.1
134.0
161.7
159.8
173.5
1) Scope 1 emissions consist of carbon dioxide emissions. The 2019 figure has been retroactively corrected due to more detailed emission measurements.
2) Scope 2 emissions consist of carbon dioxide emissions. The calculation of market- and location-based Scope 2 emissions has been revised retroactively due to changes in fuel-specific emission factors for purchased heat, which is why the figures for the years 2018–2021 have been corrected. The amount of location-based Scope 2 emissions is affected by the average energy distribution of Metsä Board’s production countries. 3) Scope 3 emissions consist of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions converted into carbon dioxide equivalents. The increase in Scope 3 emissions after 2019 is explained by changes in cal- culation methodology in 2020: two new categories (Processing of sold products and End of life treatment of sold products) were added in the calculations. Calculation methodology related to purchased chemicals was also updated. 4) Due to the revised calculation of market-based Scope 2 emissions and revisions of paperboard tonnes used in the environmental calculation, the figures for the years 2018–2021 have been corrected retroactively.
Further details about the principles of emissions calculations are available on pages 66−67.
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Sustainability report | METSÄ BOARD ANNUAL AND SUSTAINABILITY REPORT 2022
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